|
We apologize for translation quality of article.
In XVII-XVIII centuries processing of a bone had by T.V.crest utilitarian character, from it{her} manufactured crests, handles, caskets. In XIX eyelid of a foreman have addressed to a volumetric small-sized sculpture. Takeoff of Yakutiya bonecarve art was supervised in 40-50. In this season{term} such bonecarvers as Alekseev A.N., Ammosov T.V., Iljin D.I., Mamaev I.F., Priests V.N worked., Pesterov S.N., Petrov S.V.
the Personality of a national foreman of Terenty Vasiljevicha Ammosova - bright the phenomena in fine arts of Yakutia. Reaching perfection in various methods of a groove from a bone lace and graceful miniatures up to volumetric genre compositions, the foreman skilfully uses plastic and invoice features of a bone, enriching with compositions multistoreyed game of patches of light and treatments of light and shade. In his{its} collection traditional caskets, the decorative cups and plates, chess, the compositions plump on folklore motives, stages from village life and festivals, knifes, tubes and desk sets.
Already to middle of XX eyelid manufacturing of caskets, small chests, watch stands, crests in technique of a fret work almost was completely stopped, Yakutiya bonecarvers become to prefer a circular heavy sculpture of small forms and genre compositions.
N.D.Amydaev's Foreman, using arcaded traditions of Yakutiya bonecarve art, applies a tree to supports, and in etnografichesko-household plots ("Hut") beats space where figures of people, animal and subjects are in volumetric - regional interrelation. Such compositions are designed for the circular survey. This author has reflected also historical features of the Soviet time, having entered in bonecarve art of new heroes (« the First pioneers », « For an authority of Advices{Councils} »).
Rightfully it is possible to name a masterpiece a genre composition" the Yakut girl at picket liners" (1947), plump by Vasily Petrovichem Popovym (1906-1960), the representative of the whole dynasty of bonecarvers from Megin ulus. Now in a groove on a bone are engaged Marks F.I., Mamontov K.M., Rodionov G.N., Savvin E.P., Kapustin V.I.
the Honored worker of arts of Yakutia, the winner of the State premium him{it}. I.E.Repina S.N.Pesterev (1917-1983) in the beginning of 60 years has concentrated on building of multifigured animalistic and genre compositions, paying the large attention to the image animal. Pesterev developed a principle of a composition on a dray support by the way a special parquet blank, preferring expressiveness and accuracies of a mode{an image}, a plasticity and to grace of simulation, dynamism of all plot. The collection of his{its} works is unique. "Stag team", « Family of bears », the "Dog team", built in 70-80-N years are those.
His{Its} favourite motives - hunting, precipitant, complete dynamics{changes} dog and stag teams, wood life of beasts, herds of horses, herds of deers and cows on free pastures.
At more pullet{more young man} generation of Yakutiya bonecarvers the tendency to synthesis traditional and contemporary-styled is supervised. Artists are converted to mythology and ethnography in products "Bajanaj" (K.Mamontov), "Carver", "Thrashing", « Churning of oil{butter} » (F.Markov), "Celebration" (R.Petrov), "Hero", « Yakutiya musicians » (R.Pinigin). But many plots of these authors are devoted to contemporary-styled life of Yakutia. Bonecarvers predominary aspire to laconicalness and a generality, solidity and compactness of forms, maximum conservation of the block of a bone. Exception F.I.Markova's refined composition compounds{makes} « Dance of spring » in which infrequent boreal cranes - sterhes are represented. It is a vivid example of a "uneconomical" expenditure of a material. The large part of the block of a bone cleaned, on a support with a decorative pattern by the way a special parquet blank graceful figures of birds are secreted. The main part in the figurative decision of a composition is played with a silhouette.
He and rhythmic build figures frame a raised poetic mode{image} of dance. the Large bestowal was shown by the winner of the State premium him{it}.
I.E.Repina Stepan Nikiforovich Petrov (1938-1984).
His{Its} original art deeply national and extraordinary expressively, on hallows and to spirit conformable to modes{images} of the Yakutiya heroic epos. His{its} products an organic alloy of beauty of plastic tongue of dialogue, the decorative beginning and skill. He belonged to group of bonecarvers which aspired{tried} to unit new tendencies with features of a traditional national sculpture. animalistic stages « the Horse with the foal », "Summer", but in a sculpture « the Horse of a bogatyr », devoted to Yakutiya epos "Olonho" Are laconic under the form and simulation, he has faced as a foreman of the most thin decorative decorative pattern. A mighty horse with the rank mane at a picket line (serge) - the most favourite mode{image} in Petrov's creativity. In the products the bonecarver applies also ancient national technique of processing of a mammoth tusk - a groove with a flat relief, using the large blocks bones ("Holiday"). Mild plastic simulation, small-scale emerizing, tissue ortamental study of separate details he revealed natural beauty of a material.
|