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 conditional a bone and items from a bone name both a bone of domestic animals, and a walrus tusk, a tusk of the elephant or the mammoth. Also for art bonecarve items widely use a bone of a large horned stock - a teat. The bone - teat has a grayish tint and demands obligatory bleaching then her{it} imbue in green, brown and yellow colours. She is easily treated{processed}. From it{her} execute various sculptural items with an ajour, relief and volumetric groove, and also dressings. Apply a teat and to furnish of the decorative screens and a panel from a tree.
The mammoth bone has a beautiful yellowish tint and a texture by the way a tiny reticulum, has high hardness. It is applied to a yield of vases, cups, a desktop decorative sculpture, items with a fret work. Tusks of the mammoth a fossil material the Large his{its} stores have served one of the causes of development of an art bonecarve craft in Tobolsk. Mammoth tusks and today continue to find in Siberia, on Chukotka, Far North, in Yakutia. The mammoth and walrus bone differs an original texture, are well lured.
In Yakutia and on islands of Laptev sea in permafrost regions got{procured} a fossil mammoth bone. Tusks it is mammoth is also tusks of a maxilla.
Large copies it is mammoth 5,5 m at length and more 3 m in height reached; their tusks or "horns" as them sometimes named in Siberia, reached length almost up to 4 m at weight of pair up to 100 kg. As against tusks of the elephant tusks of the mammoth were abruptly bent up and missed in the parties.
On the available arcaded data in the North, in Siberia annually got{procured} 1500-2000 poods of a bone.
Searched for a mammoth bone in the spring after a fall of water on breaks, channels of the rivers and gullies.
Tusks, strict of a permafrost, pulled out stag teams. Skeletons and skins it is mammoth stopped, meat went on a forage to dogs. In middle of XVIII eyelid in « Monthly compositions » Academies of sciences about it wrote: « the Mammoth bone is in ground, and especially in jar on the large rivers and on coast Ledovitogo starving. When water will wash away these coasts a little, then the bone from ground appears.
Best what of the river of Khatanga in Mangazeja and from the river of Indigirka to Yakutsk is brought ». Hundreds poods of a bone were delivered to Moscow where she was thought much. In Yakutsk pood of the best mammoth tusks sold on three - four roubles, in Mangazeja - on six, in Moscow - is even more dear{expensive}.
Tusks of a sea cow - a basic material from which frame art items and souvenirs of the Chukcha and eskimos. It is a beautiful carpentry material white - zhyoltogo the colours, close on properties to tusks of the mammoth, has sufficient hardness, a plasticity, durability, are well lured. From him{it} produce a tiny sculpture, caskets, chs with an ajour, relief groove, with a chase carving.
This material in Berings and Chukchi the seas - in areas of a habitation of sea cows is got{procured}.
the Tooth of a sea cow beautiful grey - dark blue or it grey - chyornogo colours, and at the centre - white or yellowish. On a cross section of a tooth a tissue pattern by the way colour rings with the white centre that allows to emphasize his{its} decorative effect. The walrus tusk, as well as a tusk of the mammoth, differs hardness, durability, a plasticity. He more light than a tusk of the mammoth, but with a small yellowish tint and as against a mammoth tusk has a transparency.
From a walrus tusk frame turning items - vases, the cups based on the natural cylindrical form of a material. However the dimension of a walrus tusk a little bit smaller, than mammoth, causes also the dimension of things. From this material frame cigarette cases, cigarette cases, also the cylindrical form. Hardness of a walrus tusk allows to apply technique of a fret work. Ajour ortamental insertions often stud small chests, caskets, the pods of Kholmogorian foremen plump from a simple animal bone. The insertion with the refined groove is looked as a precious dressing. It is typical for art of Kholmogorian carvers.
The plasticity of a walrus tusk enables to create the tiny relief compositions studing small chests, caskets, kulons, brooches.
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